CF1916F.Group Division

普及/提高-

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题目描述

In the 3131 st lyceum, there were two groups of olympiad participants: computer science and mathematics. The number of computer scientists was n1n_1 , and the number of mathematicians was n2n_2 . It is not known for certain who belonged to which group, but it is known that there were friendly connections between some pairs of people (these connections could exist between a pair of people from the same group or from different groups).

The connections were so strong that even if one person is removed along with all their friendly connections, any pair of people still remains acquainted either directly or through mutual friends.

^{\dagger} More formally, two people (x,y)(x, y) are acquainted in the following case: there are people a1,a2,,ana_1, a_2, \ldots,a_n ( 1ain1+n21 \le a_i \le n_1 + n_2 ) such that the following conditions are simultaneously met:

\bullet Person xx is directly acquainted with a1a_1 .

\bullet Person ana_n is directly acquainted with yy .

\bullet Person aia_i is directly acquainted with ai+1a_{i + 1} for any ( 1in11 \le i \le n - 1 ).

The teachers were dissatisfied with the fact that computer scientists were friends with mathematicians and vice versa, so they decided to divide the students into two groups in such a way that the following two conditions are met:

\bullet There were n1n_1 people in the computer science group, and n2n_2 people in the mathematics group.

\bullet Any pair of computer scientists should be acquainted (acquaintance involving mutual friends, who must be from the same group as the people in the pair, is allowed), the same should be true for mathematicians.

Help them solve this problem and find out who belongs to which group.

输入格式

Each test consists of several test cases. The first line contains a single integer tt ( 1t10001 \le t \le 1000 ) — the number of test cases. Then follows the description of the test cases.

The first line of each test case contains three integers n1n_1 , n2n_2 , and mm ( 1n1,n220001 \le n_1, n_2 \le 2000 , 1m50001 \le m \le 5000 ). n1n_1 , n2n_2 are the sizes of the two groups described in the problem, and mm is the number of friendly connections initially.

The following mm lines describe the friendly connections: in the ii -th ( 1im1 \le i \le m ) line, a pair of numbers (a,b)(a, b) is given, which means that the person with number aa is friends with the person with number bb (and vice versa).

It is guaranteed that for each test case, all friendly connections are distinct.

It is guaranteed that the sum of n1+n2n_1 + n_2 for all test cases does not exceed 20002000 , and the sum of mm for all test cases does not exceed 50005000 .

It is also guaranteed that for each test case, a solution exists.

If there are several answers, print any of them.

输出格式

For each test case, output two lines.

In the first line, output n1n_1 distinct numbers aia_i ( 1ain1+n21 \le a_i \le n_1 + n_2 ) — the people belonging to the first group.

In the second line, output n2n_2 distinct numbers bib_i ( 1bin1+n21 \le b_i \le n_1 + n_2 ) — the people belonging to the second group.

All numbers must be distinct.

If there are several possible answers, print any one.

输入输出样例

  • 输入#1

    3
    1 2 3
    2 3
    1 3
    1 2
    1 4 7
    2 5
    3 4
    2 4
    1 2
    3 5
    4 5
    1 5
    3 3 7
    1 2
    1 6
    2 3
    2 5
    3 4
    4 5
    4 6

    输出#1

    3 
    1 2 
    5 
    1 2 3 4 
    4 5 6 
    1 2 3

说明/提示

Consider the third test case. The division into groups looks as follows:

The students selected as computer scientists are colored in green, and those selected as mathematicians are colored in blue.Consider all pairs of computer scientists and how they are acquainted:

Pairs (4,5),(4,6)(4, 5), (4, 6) are directly acquainted.

Pair (5,6)(5, 6) is acquainted through the computer scientist with number 44 .

Consider all pairs of mathematicians and how they are acquainted:

Pairs (1,2),(2,3)(1, 2), (2, 3) are directly acquainted.

Pair (1,3)(1, 3) is acquainted through the mathematician with number 22 .

We conclude that any pair of people belonging to the same group is acquainted with each other, thus the division into two groups is correct.

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