题解

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define LL long long

const int N = 3e5 + 10;
const LL p = 998244353;

int n, m, q,T[N], P[N], idx[N];
LL a[N], V[N];

vector<int> G[N];
int deg[N];
LL K = 1, k[N], t[N];

bool vis[N]; 
void dfs(int j) {
    if (vis[j]) return;
    vis[j] = true;
    int size = G[j].size();
    for (int ptr = size-1; ptr >= 0; --ptr) {
        int g = G[j][ptr];
        ++deg[g], dfs(g);
        k[j] = (k[j]*k[g]) % p;
    }
}

queue<int> Q;

void topSort() {
    for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j)
        if (deg[j] == 0) Q.push(j);
    while (!Q.empty()) {
        int j = Q.front(); Q.pop();
        if (vis[j]) continue;
        vis[j] = true;
        LL w = 1;
        int size = G[j].size();
        for (int ptr = size-1; ptr >= 0; --ptr) {
            int g = G[j][ptr];
            t[g] = (t[g] + (w*t[j])%p) % p;
            w = (w*k[g]) % p;
            deg[g] -= 1;
            if (deg[g] == 0) Q.push(g);
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    cin >> n;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) scanf("%lld", &a[i]);
    cin >> m;
    for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) {
        scanf("%d", &T[j]);
        k[j] = 1;
        if (T[j] == 1) {
            scanf("%d%lld", &P[j], &V[j]);
        } else if (T[j] == 2) {
            scanf("%lld", &k[j]);
        } else if (T[j] == 3) {
            int C; scanf("%d", &C);
            for (int l = 1; l <= C; ++l) {
                int g; scanf("%d", &g);
                G[j].push_back(g);
            }
        }
    }
    cin >> q;
    for (int j = 1; j <= q; ++j) scanf("%d", &idx[j]);

    
    memset(vis, false, sizeof(vis));
    for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) dfs(j);

     LL w = 1;
    for (int j = q; j >= 1; --j) {
        K = (K*k[idx[j]]) % p;
        t[idx[j]] = (t[idx[j]]+w) % p;
        w = (w*k[idx[j]]) % p;
    }


    memset(vis, false, sizeof(vis)), topSort();

    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
        a[i] = (a[i]*K) % p;
    for (int j = 1; j <= m; ++j) {
        if (T[j] != 1) continue;
        a[P[j]] = (a[P[j]] + ((t[j]*V[j])%p)) % p;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) printf("%lld ", a[i]);
    putchar('\n');
    return 0;
}